ESTD PERPUSTAKAAN UNTAD
ESTD PERPUSTAKAAN UNTAD
| JudulINTENSITAS SERANGAN Phytopthora Palmivora Bult PADA TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma Cacao L) DI KECAMATAN MARIORIWAWO KABUPATEN SOPPENG |
| Nama: MUH.KADRIAWAN |
| Tahun: 2020 |
| Abstrak Cocoa pod rot is one of the important diseases in cocoa plants . the disease is caused by Phytopthora palmivora and is an important problem in almost all cocoa producing countries. This disease has attacked the cocoa plantations in the Marioriwawo sub-district which is one of the cocoa production centers in Soppeng Regency, south sulawesi. Information regarding fruit loss and damage that occurs in the fruit because Phytopthora palmivora in the region has not been widely reported.This study aimed at identifying the intensity of pod rot at the people’s cacao plantation in Marioriwawo Sub District, Soppeng Regency. The study conducted at the people’s cacao plantation Marioriwawo sub Distict was to determine the damage of cacao fruits due to pod rot. Twenty five units secondary observation consisted of 75 cacao tree. The selection and determination of cacao tree for sampling was conducted randomly. The symptoms of superficial and inner attack of Phytopthora palmivora on the cacao fruits were carefully observed. The intensity of attack on the fruits in the tree was depicted as the percentage of pod rot, while the number of fruits was based on the average of fruits number in each tree.the result of observation indicated that symptoms of pod rot on each cacao tree were relatively similar and accurred and nearly all observation sites. The intensity of P. palmivora attack reached 22,48 percent and which was categorized as seriously attack, at the time of making the second observation included in the category of medium attack at the same location the level of attack that was obtained was 19,11. Key words: Intensity attack P. palmivora. ABSTRAK Busuk buah kakao merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman kakao.Penyakit tersebut di sebabkan oleh Phytopthora palmivora Butler dan menjadi masalah penting di hampir seluruh Negara penghasil kakao.Penyakit ini telah menyerang perkebunan kakao di wilayah Kecamatan Marioriwawo, yang merupakan salah satu sentra produksi kakao di Kabupaten Soppeng, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Informasi mengenai kehilangan buah dan kerusakan yang terjadi di dalam buah karena P. palmivora di wilayah tersebut, belum banyak di laporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas penyakit busuk buah pada kakao (pod rot) pada perkebunan kakao rakyat di Kecamatan Marioriwawo, Kabupaten Soppeng.Penelitian telah dilakukan di kebun kakao rakyat Kecamatan Marioriwawo, untuk menetapkan kerusakan buah yang ada di atas pohon. Dua puluh lima satuan pengamatan sekunder yang diamati terdiri atas 75 pohon kakao. Pengambilan dan penentuan pohon kakao yang dijadikan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Gejala serangan P. palmivora pada buah yang diamati secara seksama,yang terdiri atas pengamatan luar dan pengamatan dalam. Intensitas serangan pada buah di atas pohon, dinyatakan dengan persentase busuk buah dan jumlah buah berdasarkan pada rata-rata buah per pohon. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa gejala penyakit busuk buah pada masing-masing pohon kakao relative sama dan telah ada di hampir semua lokasi pengamatan. Intensitas serangan P. palmivora telah mencapai 22,48 persen dan termasuk kategori serangan berat, pada saat melakukan pengamatan ke dua masuk dalam kategori serangan sedang pada lokasi yang sama tingkat serangan yang di dapatkan yakni sebesar 19,11% . |